Antibellum DBQ essay essays

Antibellum DBQ article papers During the Antebellum years the United States of America was changing, separate ideological groups framed and training was focused. Social, strict, and political changes during these years helped shape society into what it is today. Individuals concentrated on the renewal of various things, ladies' privileges, subjugation, tutoring, the criminal equity framework and neediness. During the Antebellum changes Americans were still strict as a people which lead to the Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening was a reaction to the developing radicalism. The Second Great Awakening brought about numerous new categories of Christianity. Methodists and Baptists, two of the new categories, utilized majority rule government to settle church undertakings, these progressions lead to more reconstructions. As indicated by Francis Grund, the motivation of American changes was straightforwardly connected with religion. He expressed, Religion has been the premise of the most significant American settlements...The Americans view their religion as an advertiser of common and political freedom ( Doc 3) Religion majorly affected reorganizations in America. Theodore Parker had sees on religion and war. War is an articulate infringement of Christianity.... On the off chance that war be correct, at that point Christianity isn't right, bogus, a falsehood. Each man who comp rehends Christianity realizes that war isn't right. (Doc 5) Theodore Parker was a Massachusetts serve and was a main abolitionist. Political figures had numerous effects on reconstruction also. Andrew Jackson had confidence in the normal man and trusted in human flawlessness. Jackson said I accept man can be raised; man can turn out to be increasingly more blessed with heavenliness; and as he does he turns out to be more God-like in his character and equipped for overseeing himself. Release us on lifting our kin, idealizing our establishments, until majority rules system will arrive at such a state of great, that we can praise with truth that the voice of the individuals is the voice of God (Doc 1). He thought tha... <!

Ancient Chinese Contributions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Old Chinese Contributions - Essay Example Among of these old Chinese innovations or commitments incorporate the versatile sort printing, bathroom tissue, porcelain, bridles for ponies, ship’s rudder, profound penetrating, iron cushions, seed drill, compass, and line planting (Listverse Com, 2009, 207-210). Of the distinguished Ancient Chinese creations or commitments, the four generally clever or imaginative developments are the portable kind printing, compass, porcelain, and tissue. The versatile kind of printing could be the most helpful innovation or commitment from the antiquated Chinese, explicitly from the Song Dynasty. History has a proof of how printing has developed during the antiquated occasions of Chinese in which, the principal printing has created a printed book from full-page woodcuts. Imaginative methodologies were attempted in those days to improve the quality and time of printing. Bi Sheng is one of the individual who has created developments in the current printing set up and has made reusable and t ypesetting methods to mud terminated characters (Listverse Com, 2009, 210). Because of its validness, the innovation was not consummated until 1450s and after the development of metal kind imprinting in 1490s. Without the printing innovation that was brought to us by the antiquated Chinese, history specialists probably won't have transfer to us authentic occasions, societies, and customs which were credited to old Chinese and different races. What's more, the revelation of printing innovation has been exceptionally valuable in the exchange of information and in correspondence among countries. During the medieval period, the creation of a Chinese oceanic compass have likewise been of incredible assistance in parts of movement, investigation, and deal (trade of merchandise). Ocean adventurers have adjusted the utilization of compass adrift during tenth or eleventh century to discover the nations with rich number of assets or flavors (Pelt and Matthews, 2010, 37). It has additionally b een utilized for ashore as a divination apparatus and as an immediate discoverer. Unconscious of the logical advancement which this old development has made, compass is cunning to the antiquated Chinese as it has served the establishment for thermoremanence innovation. On account of the ceaseless advancements for the improvement of compass, old Chinese sailors has created thermoremanence needles to supplant lodestone spoons. Also, the revelation of compass has made ready for meeting different countries that could help in the trading of products, improvement of topographical information, and advancement of culture. In the interim, porcelain couldn't just be one of the most valuable creations or commitments yet the most obvious impression of old Chinese impacts. Porcelain was created during the hour of Sui Dynasty (581-618 AD) and was produced using a mineral compound which was known for quality, translucence, and magnificence (Listverse Com, 2009, 209). Chinese porcelain has been est eemed for its uniqueness as an unmistakable sort of artistic was delivered by outrageous temperatures of a furnace. In those days, antiquated Chinese utilized porcelain for earthenware purposes; however now, it is regularly utilized for stylish purposes as the excellent yearnings or engravings on the porcelain mirror the rich social crafts of old Chinese. Likewise, porcelain is additionally utilized as a material in the washroom and in crown trade for characteristic teeth in dentistry. Without this lovely and masterful innovation or commitment, ceramics would be known to the world and the materials for restroom or dentistry purposes would not be

2016 February Freshman Admits - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

2016 February Freshman Admits - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2016 February Freshman Admits The February freshman admission offers are now available on the myStatus page. This afternoon, UGA offered admission to a group of roughly 1,600 freshman applicants. This group of decisions is made up of only offers of admission, and if you were admitted, you will be able to see the decision on your myStatus page (so only admitted students will see a change on their myStatus page). Additionally, an admissions packet will be sent out in the mail early next week. Our office is too busy reviewing files for me to run any mid-range academic averages at this time, but the academic information should be very similar to the Early Action admitted students (it will not be exactly the same, as we had a large number of EA admits who were applying for our top scholarships, which slightly skews EA stats a little higher). The press release about our Early Action decisions gives more details on the academic averages for this group. As we did in the November Early Action offers of admission, there will be some scholarship offers in this group, and those who have received them will see it on the status page (the scholarship section only shows if a scholarship is offered). We will continue to offer scholarships through early April, so please be patient as we do these reviews. These admitted freshman, made up of mostly Regular Decision applicants, met the stringent academic criteria of Early Action admission that we used with our much larger wave of November admission offers. Do not panic if you were not admitted with this February group. We are still very much in the midst of carefully reviewing documents and data on a great many more files, and there are still lots of decisions to make. Again, admitted students will see their decision on myStatus, while applicants who do not yet have a decision will see the same myStatus message as before. The final wave of freshman application decisions will be made by mid-late March after we have completed our holistic file reading process. Thank you for your patience as we finish our reviews over the next month. Lastly, please make sure to review the Urban Legends page and all my posts about ignoring myths that you might hear about admissions, as these myths are incorrect (major has no impact on a decision, we do not limit the number of admission offers by school, zip code, etc.). As well, please remember that I cannot discuss any other students on this blog, I cannot guess about decisions, and I ask that any comments should not be harmful to other applicants. Go Dawgs! 2016 February Freshman Admits - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2016 February Freshman Admits Late afternoon on Friday, February 26, we will be releasing a small wave of First Year admission offers. These admitted students, who are primarily Regular Decision (RD) applicants, are applicants who meet the criteria that UGA admissions used for Early Action (EA) admits. Just to stop any questions, there are no set EA criteria levels cut-points, as it is a review of the combination of grades, strength of curriculum and test scores, so please do not ask what the Early Action SAT/ACT, GPA or curriculum criteria is for this group. There will be a very small number of EA deferred students who are admitted in this round, mostly because of an increase in their academic standing (new test scores) or if the applicant was incomplete for Early Action, but is now complete and is admissible. We are not able to re-calculate GPAs on all deferred and RD applicants based on fall senior grades, as we do not have the manpower or time to do so (we had almost 23,000 total freshman applicants this year), so that is why only a jump in SAT/ACT scores might impact a deferred applicants decision. We do though look closely at the fall grades during our read process, and we look at grade trends, high/low grades, and how a student did in their most challenging classes, especially in junior/senior years. Whenever we release these February decisions, we always get questions, ranging from Why didnt I hear to Does this mean that more decisions will roll out through the month of March and so on. The next group of decisions after this round will be in mid-late March, and these will be all the remaining freshman decisions. From now until mid-late March, our office will continue with reading, and reading, and reading more files. Please do not contact us and see if you can get your decision earlier, whether due to a vacation, another colleges schedule, a birthday gift for an applicant, etc., as we need to review all of the files before making final decisions. Generally, 1,500+ students have received an offer of admission in this round in the past (we only do admits during this round), and we will have a large number of students that we will be admitting in mid-late March as well. I do not have any estimate on how many students we will admit in March, as we have to review all the files, monitor deposits, cancellations, etc. before we can make these decisions. I do not have any specific academic data about this February group (GPA, SAT/ACT mid-ranges, etc.), but they should be fairly similar to the EA admitted group. I hope this answers a fair number of your questions. Go Dawgs!

2016 February Freshman Admits - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

2016 February Freshman Admits - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2016 February Freshman Admits The February freshman admission offers are now available on the myStatus page. This afternoon, UGA offered admission to a group of roughly 1,600 freshman applicants. This group of decisions is made up of only offers of admission, and if you were admitted, you will be able to see the decision on your myStatus page (so only admitted students will see a change on their myStatus page). Additionally, an admissions packet will be sent out in the mail early next week. Our office is too busy reviewing files for me to run any mid-range academic averages at this time, but the academic information should be very similar to the Early Action admitted students (it will not be exactly the same, as we had a large number of EA admits who were applying for our top scholarships, which slightly skews EA stats a little higher). The press release about our Early Action decisions gives more details on the academic averages for this group. As we did in the November Early Action offers of admission, there will be some scholarship offers in this group, and those who have received them will see it on the status page (the scholarship section only shows if a scholarship is offered). We will continue to offer scholarships through early April, so please be patient as we do these reviews. These admitted freshman, made up of mostly Regular Decision applicants, met the stringent academic criteria of Early Action admission that we used with our much larger wave of November admission offers. Do not panic if you were not admitted with this February group. We are still very much in the midst of carefully reviewing documents and data on a great many more files, and there are still lots of decisions to make. Again, admitted students will see their decision on myStatus, while applicants who do not yet have a decision will see the same myStatus message as before. The final wave of freshman application decisions will be made by mid-late March after we have completed our holistic file reading process. Thank you for your patience as we finish our reviews over the next month. Lastly, please make sure to review the Urban Legends page and all my posts about ignoring myths that you might hear about admissions, as these myths are incorrect (major has no impact on a decision, we do not limit the number of admission offers by school, zip code, etc.). As well, please remember that I cannot discuss any other students on this blog, I cannot guess about decisions, and I ask that any comments should not be harmful to other applicants. Go Dawgs! 2016 February Freshman Admits - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2016 February Freshman Admits Late afternoon on Friday, February 26, we will be releasing a small wave of First Year admission offers. These admitted students, who are primarily Regular Decision (RD) applicants, are applicants who meet the criteria that UGA admissions used for Early Action (EA) admits. Just to stop any questions, there are no set EA criteria levels cut-points, as it is a review of the combination of grades, strength of curriculum and test scores, so please do not ask what the Early Action SAT/ACT, GPA or curriculum criteria is for this group. There will be a very small number of EA deferred students who are admitted in this round, mostly because of an increase in their academic standing (new test scores) or if the applicant was incomplete for Early Action, but is now complete and is admissible. We are not able to re-calculate GPAs on all deferred and RD applicants based on fall senior grades, as we do not have the manpower or time to do so (we had almost 23,000 total freshman applicants this year), so that is why only a jump in SAT/ACT scores might impact a deferred applicants decision. We do though look closely at the fall grades during our read process, and we look at grade trends, high/low grades, and how a student did in their most challenging classes, especially in junior/senior years. Whenever we release these February decisions, we always get questions, ranging from Why didnt I hear to Does this mean that more decisions will roll out through the month of March and so on. The next group of decisions after this round will be in mid-late March, and these will be all the remaining freshman decisions. From now until mid-late March, our office will continue with reading, and reading, and reading more files. Please do not contact us and see if you can get your decision earlier, whether due to a vacation, another colleges schedule, a birthday gift for an applicant, etc., as we need to review all of the files before making final decisions. Generally, 1,500+ students have received an offer of admission in this round in the past (we only do admits during this round), and we will have a large number of students that we will be admitting in mid-late March as well. I do not have any estimate on how many students we will admit in March, as we have to review all the files, monitor deposits, cancellations, etc. before we can make these decisions. I do not have any specific academic data about this February group (GPA, SAT/ACT mid-ranges, etc.), but they should be fairly similar to the EA admitted group. I hope this answers a fair number of your questions. Go Dawgs!

Sympathizing with Shylock in William Shakespeares The...

Sympathizing with Shylock in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice In the Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare creates an atmosphere throughout the play, which causes the audience to sympathize with Shylock. Shakespeare uses key events, and dialogue to influence the audience. At the time Shakespeare wrote his plays, and they were performed, the contemporary audience would have mainly consisted of Christians. Jews were often persecuted, as they were the minority. The Christian audience would have been quite arrogant, and Shakespeare would have had to pander to this audience, to make the play appeal to them. He did this through Shylock. In Act 3 Scene 3, Shylock tells of how he is abused by†¦show more content†¦A modern audience would be multi-racial and therefore they would feel the same level of emotion, but it would be different, as only an extremely small minority of the modern audience would have mistreated Jews so consequently, they would almost be able to feel Shylocks emotions, as they can relate to them. He gives a very powerful performance. His speech is then concluded with further evoking of sympathy, If you prick us do we not bleed? If you tickle us do we not laugh? stating that he is not merely a religion, which he is seen as by the people who discriminate against him, he is a human. This particular sentence has become very famous, and further evokes sympathy and shows that Shylock is human with feelings and has a valid reason for wanting revenge. The play has two plots; the flesh-bond plot, and the marriage-caskets plot. Bassanio wishes to offer marriage to Portia, the Heiress of Belmont but cannot compete with her other suitors. Portia is the heiress to a great fortune, but her fathers will states that she can only marry the man who chooses the correct casket, made of either Gold, Silver or lead. The potential husband must choose the casket containing her portrait. In Belmont, after the Princes of Morocco and Aragon have both chosen the wrongShow MoreRelatedSympathizing With Shylock At The End Of Act 4 in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice736 Words   |  3 PagesSympathizing With Shylock At The End Of Act 4 in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice Throughout The Merchant of Venice the extent to which the reader sympathises with Shylock is constantly adjusted, formed by the most recent facts and circumstances learned of. After only a few words the impression given of Shylock is one of a sly, cunning, suspicious man; he openly admits (to the reader/viewer) that he hates Antonio for he is a Christian. We then learn of possible

Essay on Sample Business Plan - 4331 Words

XYZ COMPANY LIMITED BUSINESS PLAN Strictly Private Confidential XYZ Company Limited The Old Manor House Somewhere Down South Avalon AV1 234B Tel: 01234 567 890 Fax: 01234 567 891 E-mail: xyz@xyzcoltd.com Executive Summary The executive summary is the most important part of the business plan. Many people will only read this. The summary in itself will not secure an investor, however, it can loose them. Quality - the quality of the summary must therefore be outstanding and you should pay particular attention to it. Obtain critical feedback from others on your drafts. Stand-alone - it is also used as a stand-alone document when introducing the project to others so it must be able to capture interest and†¦show more content†¦The figures stated are purely illustrative and do not constitute a forecast. Before investing in a project readers are strongly advised to verify all material facts and information for themselves and seek advice from a person authorized under the Financial Services Act. Introduction to the Business and its Management Introduce the business and what it does / will do. Describe concisely how the project came about and progressed to the present situation. Explain who is involved, what are there positions, what relevant experience and qualifications do they have. Include a one-paragraph biography on each (full CV in the Appendix). State what stage the business is at now. Highlight briefly the most salient features of the companys products and services Ââ€" their competitive advantage. Explain any evidence of success you may have Ââ€" from customer orders, market testing, working prototypes, expressions of interest, industry recognition, etc. Outline any other factors that have increased the likelihood of success. Do you have any Non-Executive Directors or Mentors who add value to the Board, and will give potential investors more confidence through their expertise, be they sector experts or generally experienced business people? List them with a brief biography highlighting achievements and relevant experience. Outline any skill gaps you still need to fill, and how you intend to do so. If you do notShow MoreRelatedA Sample Business Plan2651 Words   |  11 PagesA SAMPLE BUSINESS PLAN Your Business, Inc. A well-written business plan is a crucial ingredient in preparing for business success. Without a sound business plan, a firm merely drifts along without any real direction. Yet, entrepreneurs, who tend to be people of action, too often jump right into a business venture without taking time to prepare a written plan outlining the essence of the business. You should begin by writing down the answer to the very basicRead MoreSample of Business Plan3354 Words   |  14 PagesThe following business plans are examples of what a completed business plan might look like. Use the instructions and information included in The Business Plan for Independent Inventors to fill out your own business plan. Sample Business Plan for American Management Technology (AMT) 1.0 Executive Summary By focusing on its strengths, its key customers, and the underlying values they need, American Management Technology will increase sales to more than $10 million in three years, while alsoRead MoreSample Business Plan4113 Words   |  17 Pagescourteous staff. F. Mr. XXX will have successfully earned his Bachelors Degree in Business Management from Troy University. All full time employees are experienced retail salespeople with additional training in the art of candle making. G. 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I also told my teammates why I want to choose the corporation as our type of business. I also wrote the first business plan report and submittedRead MoreBookstore Sample Business Plan4651 Words   |  19 PagesProject in TLE IV BOOKKEEPING BUSINESS PLAN â€Å"TWICE SOLD TALES BOOKSTORE† by: IRENE F. 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Whether that is dancing to new age music, having a few cocktails, or dining out with reasonably priced food. A nightclub can provide all these accommodations, and is the perfect venue to open up is done with some thoughtful planning. There are some important elements to consider. Location is

Media s Effect On Society s Perceptions Of Women s Body...

Media’s effect on society’s perceptions of women’s body image causes mental health issues Part 1: 1. Group Topic Our group’s main topic explores women’s mental health and the issues around it that affect women socially, politically, and economically. 2. Individual Subject †¨ In the beginning of my report I was researching juvenile women affected by mental disorders and media’s influence on it. I had several disorders I was going to discuss, however, I became embedded into the subject surrounding media’s impact on public perceptions on body image that is affecting mental health/illness. I explored the idea that media has distorted our image. Anorexia, bulimia, binge eating, body dysmorphic disorder is just among the few that are a present problem today, especially in our youth. 3. Thesis Has media inflated our perceptions to what a beautiful body image is causing deeper problems with mental health issues? 4. Research Criteria Mental disorders: Mental illnesses are unfortunately common in children and youth. According to the Canadian mental health association, about one in seven or 14% of young people in BC will experience a mental illness at some point in their life. Many mental illness often show up before the age of 18 which has a huge impact on a child’s development. It can affect how well a child does in school and in forming relationships throughout life. An unfortunate 70% of youth in the juvenile system have a diagnosable mental disorder, not toShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Media On Body Image1538 Words   |  7 Pagesthe concept of body image is influenced by external factors as culture, society norms, especially with the development of modern social media, it has grown up to be an important element in affecting the perception of body image to shape the body image. The influence of mass media may be related to the social comparison process of appearance in female and male. The ideal media body image, it is easy to compare in everyday life, and that will result to dissatisfaction with people s body size. On theRead More The Medias Influence on Eating Disorders Essay example1100 Words   |  5 Pagespsychological, interpersonal, and social issues. Media images help define cultural definitions of beauty and attractiveness and are often acknowledged as one of the factors that contribute to the rise of eating disorders (NEDA). The National Eating Disorders Associations website, The Effect of the Media on Body Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls, The Medias Influence on Body Image Disturbance and Eating Disorders, and Dieting Behaviors, Weight Perceptions, and Life Satisfaction Among Public High SchoolRead MoreThe Influence Of Media Reporting On Society s Perception Of Beauty1730 Words   |  7 Pagesthe media has created an image that is unrealistic and unattainable for teenage girls. As such, based upon a macro perspective, the societal roles, status and expectations o f young women have been impacted negatively. This paper will analyze how the combination of media reporting, socioeconomics and sociocultural factors contribute to the development of eating disorders as well as how society s perception of beauty has been distorted. This paper will further support the notion that societies perceptionRead MoreHigh Prevalence Of Body Image Concerns927 Words   |  4 Pageshigh prevalence of body image concerns, there has been an increase in observed and medical attention, as it found to have negative consequences on audiences alike. Results of progress has been on a decline, as media up rises on the profit of advertisements giving negative connotation of women s bodies, and shows women in thin unrealistic ways that make it unattainable for them to be real. Even though women are at fault for falling under the spell of media s influence, women have been developedRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Society1560 Words   |  7 Pagestimes have we heard this, yet we live in a society that appears to contradict this very idea. If looks don’t matter then why do women and girls live in a society where their bodies define who they are? If looks don t matter then why is airbrushing used by the media to hide any flaws a person has? What exactly is causing this, why do we feel like we are just not beautiful the way we are? Its the media. It’s because the media promotes a certain body image as being beautiful, and it’s a far cry fromRead MoreSocial Issues Around The Globe1642 Words   |  7 Pagesevery one of them is unique and disappoints the society in their own specific way. Once in a while, social issues aren t taken in consideration, particularly the ones that influence the media, for instance movies, magazines, music, TV shows and the web, on ladies self-perception. There is a lot of shame that compares with young teenage ladies and their socially accepted body. So this new pattern or what not, the current unreasonable self-perception is considered as the new wonderful or provocativeRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1453 Words   |  6 Pagestoday that media and body image are closely related. Particularly, how the body image advertising portrays effects our own body image. It has been documented in adolescents as they are more at risk for developing unhealthy attitudes toward their bodies. They are at a time where they re focused on developing their individual identities, making them susceptible to social pressure and media images. A major reason many people hav e a negative body image is because of the impact that media has had onRead MoreMedia and Its Negative Effects1223 Words   |  5 PagesMedia and the Negative Effects on Body Image Many things contribute to how a woman feels about her body. Peer pressure, family history, and age all play important roles in how people feel about how they look. The media can also play a dominant role on body image, as it almost always ties success, health, and happiness with being thin. To clarify body image, it is how you see yourself when you look in the mirror or picture yourself in your mind. With the constant exposure to media images of theRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Society Today911 Words   |  4 Pagesto Dictionary.com, â€Å"media† is defined as means of communication that reach and influence society or people widely. For instance, radios, televisions, newspapers, and magazines are forms of media. The influence the media has around the globe is profound, therefore, in this essay, I am going to discuss the impact that media has on the society today. Although social media can connect all people in the world instantly, the negative effects have a great impact on the society because it decreasesRead MoreBeauty: Human Physical Appearance and Women1306 Words   |  6 Pages Beauty Throughout these moments in time, the term beauty has slipped out of control and become something utterly dissimilar. The significance of beauty has developed into something so unappealing, so unpleasant, so repugnant, that even now society is coming to the apprehension that the way they are portraying the description of beauty is erroneous. Over time, ‘beauty’ has evolved to something rather peripheral. Being beautiful is turning into an undesirable act, that most girls will go into

Jury System in Hong Kong free essay sample

Trial by jury is a legal proceeding in which the guilt or innocence of the defendant is determined by a jury. It is opposed to bench trial that all final judgments are made by a judge. In Hong Kong, as it is under the common law system, jury trials are used in serious criminal cases and also some civil cases, like murder, manslaughter, rape, civil fraud and defamation cases etc. In addition, the jury is formed by a group of eligible citizens which is selected by local population. The criteria for service as a jurors are 1) she/he is a resident of Hong Kong, 2) is between 21-65 years old, 3) is of good character and sound mind and 4) has a sufficient knowledge of both the language of English and Chinese. All these qualifications listed are ensure the juries have their ability to make the most appropriate verdict maturely and reasonably. To further assure the fairness, a jury usually comprises seven people and the verdict has to be reached by a majority of not less than five jurors (Jury Ordinance s. We will write a custom essay sample on Jury System in Hong Kong or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 24). Apart from Hong Kong, jury trail is also used in many countries, like United Kingdom, United States, Russia, Canada and France etc. It means the maintenance of jury trial has its saving grace even in Hong Kong. However, there are still some criticisms to challenge the reliability and usefulness of the jury trial system. Therefore, I will try to evaluate the strengths and weakness of maintenance of jury trial in Hong Kong in the following passage. In the first part, I will analyze the advantages of using jury trial in Hong Kong. To begin with, trial by jury can erase the individual prejudices as the members of jury are from different backgrounds. There are a provisional list of jurors is held by The Registrar of the High Court, which consists of those people qualified in Hong Kong. *(1. 28) Then, the court will further select from the list by ballot or by any other random selection methods to form the jury when the count need to summon a jury. *(1. 29). Based on those random selection, every kind of people can also have chance to be selected. The Jury may compose of people come from different social classes, occupations and races. It ensures that jury will not just come from the same background and have partiality for the cases or defendants. As the jury is from all walk of lives, they will have different opinions on the same case and have a thorough consideration of all aspects of the case through discussion which can eliminate the individual bias effectively, making the verdict more comprehensive. However, when there is just one judge to make the final decision, he may swayed by prejudice. Since there is no any other there to remind him or discuss with him, so he will have no doubt about his own views on the case. It is neither fairness nor openness. Especially in the considerably serious criminal case, it has a need to have various opinions on the cases to help to give out the correct judgment. In the contrast, one judge’s decision is not comprehensive enough as one people cannot think of every angle. It may lower the credibility of the verdict. A judicial elite called Geoffrey Rivlin* also believe that the system of jury trial is impartial and equitable which can create the public confidence toward our legal system. Hence, the application of jury trial makes the Hong Kong legal system more faultless. Secondly, jury trial enables citizens to involve in the legal stuff to represent the common public. As mentioned before, the jury is formed by all walk of lives, their views on the case can represent the views of the public well. It makes the verdict can gain more public respect which means it can be easily comprehended and accepted by them. The jury’s views are more in line with the generally accepted value of society. However, if there is a judge to give out the verdict, they may only concern with the evidence which they have seen rather than considering the ineffable difficulties of the defendants. It is because judge need to strictly follow what the law state and execute it.

The Effects of Forgiveness Therapy on Depression, Anxiety and Posttraumatic Stress for Women after Spousal Emotional Abuse

10 Colloquial Terms and Their Meanings

10 Colloquial Terms and Their Meanings 10 Colloquial Terms and Their Meanings 10 Colloquial Terms and Their Meanings By Mark Nichol Why is there a taint surrounding ain’t? Why do editors get ornery or riled, or have conniptions or raise a ruckus, if writers try to use these and other words? The ebb and flow of the English language’s vocabulary is caused by competing crosscurrents. Neologisms come in with each tide, some of them washing ashore and others drifting back out to sea. But pronouncements from self-appointed experts and tacit disapproval by the self-selected better classes can also result in the relegation of certain terms and idioms to the realm of substandard or nonstandard usage. Here are ten words that, at least in terms of one sense, have been demoted by an association with rural dialect. 1. Ain’t: Once a fully legitimate contraction of â€Å"am not† employed at least in familiar conversation by speakers of all social classes, ain’t came to be identified with less well-educated people, and in the United States specifically with poor rural dwellers. It’s unfortunate that in writing, its use is restricted to humorous emphasis or idiomatic expressions (â€Å"Say it ain’t so!†). 2. Allow: The sense of allow meaning â€Å"concede† or â€Å"recognize† has been relegated to obscurity; seldom is this usage employed except in faux-rural contexts. 3. Conniption: This word for an emotional fit, usually appearing in plural form (â€Å"having conniptions†), is still employed occasionally in a jocular sense. It was first attested almost two hundred years ago, but its origin is obscure, though it’s possibly a corruption of corruption, which once had a connotation of anger, or might be derived from a dialectal form of captious (â€Å"fallacious†). 4. Fetch: Fetch has a colloquial air about it, and it’s unfortunate that the word lacks respectability, because it is more vivid and thorough a term than get (â€Å"Could you fetch that for me?†), and more compact than, for example, â€Å"Could you go over there and bring that back for me?† It survives in one formal sense, however: far-fetched (originally, â€Å"brought from afar,† but used figuratively for most of its centuries-long life span). 5. Ornery: This contraction of ordinary, influenced by the latter word’s less common senses of â€Å"coarse† and â€Å"ugly,† developed a connotation of cantankerous or mean behavior. Today, it’s used only in a humorous or scornful sense. 6. Reckon: The sense of reckon that means â€Å"suppose† (â€Å"I reckon I ought to get home†) is one of the most high-profile examples of stereotypical rural dialect, but it’s absent from formal usage. 7. Rile: This dialectal variant of roil, in the sense of â€Å"stir up,† is used informally to describe irritation or anger. 8. Ruckus: Ruckus, probably a mash-up of ruction (â€Å"disturbance†) and rumpus (â€Å"boisterous activity†) themselves both dialectal terms is now used only light-heartedly. 9. Spell: The sense of spell that means â€Å"an indefinite period of time,† related to the use of the word to mean â€Å"substitute,† is confined to rural dialect or affectation of such usage. 10. Yonder: This formerly standard term meaning â€Å"over there† is now known only in rural dialect (or spoofing of it) or in a poetic sense. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Wether, Weather, Whether"Certified" and "Certificated"When to use "an"

The Jerry Watson 30 year old murder case Research Paper

The Jerry Watson 30 year old murder case - Research Paper Example Fingerprints from car were also recorded.. However, these initial investigations could not provide any lead towards the identification of the murderer. The case could not be solved then. However, this case was reopened again and Laura Casey started the job of examining the old fingerprints for any fresh leads. The FBI’s â€Å"Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System† proved a boon for the case to go ahead, as Casey was able to pinpoint a few suspects within very short time. While Jerry Watson was serving his term in the jail, Herout could identify him as the murderer, a few days before his scheduled release. The trial against Watson started after almost 30 years of the crime. The new technology that was incorporated with the finger print identification system helped the detective to name the culprit. While the stolen car was found a few blocks away from Watson residence, it further confirmed the senior detective Herout’s doubt about Watson being the killer. ... In addition, the latest DNA matching technique also helped the detectives involved in this case to identify the killer. Case overview and summary Although the murder of Carroll Bonnet remained mystery and the case was stuck in the old files’ cabinet for almost 30 years, the new technology of fingerprint identification helped the senior detective Herout and his collogue Laura Casey to identify the killer and provide justice to the departed soul. Crime details During 1978, the victim Carroll Bonnet was brutally murdered in his apartment. As the killer had tried to wash off the evidence and bloodstains, police investigators collected finger and palm prints from the apartment’s bathroom. The initial investigation also revealed that car belonging to victim was stolen. (30-Year-Old Murder Solved, nd) Initial investigation The investigating team processed finger and palm prints collected from the victim’s bathroom. However, they could not reach any conclusion and in the absence of any lead, the case just lingered on. The stolen car was found in Illinois and investigators collected latent finger and other prints from it. The evidence collected and the finger as well as the latent prints could not match with any record in the state and local criminal fingerprint files. Faced with such a situation, the investigators made enquiries from agencies outside Nebraska, for finding any possible matches. However, nothing worthwhile was found. This resulted in the case to remain cold for almost three decades. (Michelle, 2012) Case reinvestigated An enquiry received by the Omaha Police department, during second half of 2008 prompted for the case reopening. There was a reason to start the investigations

Customer Service Training Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Customer Service Training - Assignment Example he paper will identify ways through which deficiencies would be eliminated by justifying the use of needs assessment of the company’s given employee training program. Undoubtedly, training can play a vital role for the success of an organization. Organizations (associated with customer service specifically) hold various training sessions as it is one of the appropriate techniques to meet the goals and objectives and to attain efficient production. Training session for new employees helps them to settle in the fresh new environment and get used to with the company’s policies. Furthermore, these training sessions also helps the new employees regarding the better use of technology and IT (Handy, 2008). Since customer service is a very delicate and important aspect for any business, therefore, it should be noted that the new employees must learn ways through which they can perform better. Also, it can create a steadfast team of their own that has the tendency to overcome issues and fulfill the customer requirements under every circumstance (Marquardt, 2000). The best way to hold a training session for the new employees is through needs assessment technique. There is an avid need to identify the loopholes or the actual training needs that are required by the company, and should be prioritized. For example in the present case of training new employees, there is an obvious need to address them the basic rules and policies of the company regarding customer services and how it stands out in the market. Furthermore, there are numerous tasks and functions that cannot be done without proper training or guidance, for example, the use of technology / IT in the company, etc. This approach would result in paramount returns by investing time and training on the employees by correctly identifying the basic needs, issues in customer service, and other work related queries, while it also helps inappropriately appointing the right employee at the right place (Evenson,

Urban poverty: Causes and solutions

Urban poverty: Causes and solutions Urban Poverty I. Introduction Historically, poverty belonged to rural areas, but nowadays it is the same in mega cities and it is estimated that a quarter of the worlds urban population is currently living in a poverty situation (Perlman, 1998). In last several years, by the population growth explosion and more and more people choose to living from countryside to city, this phenomenon was becoming more and more serious. At same time, it made social problems stand out. Deepening of urban poverty has becoming an unsafe factor in social and economic. The new problems mix with old problems lead to a variety of complex social effects. In this report will present the problems which urban poverty, and try to find the solutions to solve it. The reason for urban poverty is complicated, such as population, employment and social service. This report will state as follow. II. Methodology III. Discussion 1. Causes of poverty 1.1 Population Since the 20th century 50years, along with the accelerated process of urbanization and urban population density increased, the population of world from 30% to about 50% now, is approach to 60% by 2030. Because of this, the urban poor and slums have become increasingly prominent. Todays megacities are reaching the limits of their carrying capacity to sustain human life, as urbanites increasingly face lack of access to safe water and sanitation, inadequate waste management, poor drainage, air pollution, excessive noise levels, and ineffective and inadequate service provision(Perlman, J., Hopkins, E. Perez, R. 2008). 1.2 Employment It is means that people who living in the urban poverty, it will easily lacking to employment. According to Perlman(1998) said that women who is worked in poverty areas is overstrain, without the safety property. What is more, less working opportunities contribute to low-income household struggling for survival (Baker and Schuler, 1997), and therefore, the gap between rich and poor is widening (Perlman, 1998). 1.3 The social base installation and social service Due to the problems of urban poverty is more seriously, it is effect the social base installation and social service. According to the research from Practical Action(2008),there are 2.2billion people around world scarcity access to proper sanitation, the sewers are created by rubbish and human defecations, and more than 420 million do not have access to the simplest latrines (Perlman, 1998) and lack of solid waste disposal services (Masika, 1997). On the other hand, they lack of access to community services and low-income communities have no control over new facilities (Perlman, 1998). 2. Effects of poverty 2.1 Personal Firstly, due to the urban poor and their families, the reality of poverty has a certain degree of damage on their health, education, employment, housing, family life and other aspects. In the commercial city, poor people have low purchasing power. It is not only leading urban poor to difficulties on their material life, but also refusing them to have equal access to urban education, health care and other services. The urban poor in these areas will lag behind their culture and physiological quality than the non-poor, thus indirectly leading to decline in their social class status, so that their children may still face the dilemma of poverty. 2.2 Societal When the situation of urban poverty become aggravate and rules break down, as Power, A. and Houghton, j. said â€Å"defensive anti- social behavior takes root, people carry knives, young people from gangs, people dump their bulk rubbish where it has already accumulated and outsiders abandon cars in run-down streets where fines are not enforced†. 2.3 Criminal Civil Unrest in the French is a typical example. Every country has objective issue of Urban wealthy polarization, developed countries are no exception. The poverty and The interests of the division lead to social conflict, the French phenomenon of urban poverty and social conflict have some representation. In November 2007, the French railway strike broke out in succession and social unrest. However, in the suburbs of Paris in 2005, two boys were accidentally dead, had a similar outbreak of unrest. The riots in 2005 and 2007, most people in group were living in poor conditions, unemployment and poverty population. The content of the performance reflected were migration, unemployment, and poverty. It was widening gap between rich and the poor led to the split of the deep social contradictions, reflecting the rich-poor divide is real resentment. 3. Solutions to poverty 3.1 Government The government has duty to concern about the poverty problem, to take extremely care about their children to school, and basic health. Make sure urban poor can get special price about urban water, electricity, gas price and so on, so that their living condition do not deteriorate. And the government is have to design a income mechanism to mitigate distribution gap, such as controlling taxes and social welfare system to make the strong revenue transfer to the weak. 3.2 Societal Fairness in economic activities there are two concepts, one is income equally, all participants in economic activities more consistent revenue; second is a fair chance, that mean economic agents have a fair competition and fair opportunity to participate. Income may be unfair, but everyone should have the right to compete fairly.

Into Thin Air by Jon Krauker Essay -- Into Thin Air, Jon Krauker

The book Into Thin Air, written by Jon Krakauer, explores the struggle of man versus man and man versus nature. The very different personalities proved costly to everyone involved on the expedition. The team of climbers that were hiking toward the summit of Mt. Everest on May 10, 1996, was oblivious to what lay ahead of them. No matter how advanced the hikers were, Everest on this day would test the will and endurance of everyone attempting to reach the summit. The one element that no one person could elude was pain. Jon Krakauer stated in his book, â€Å"I quickly came to understand that climbing Everest was primarily about enduring pain† (136). At this point in the book, Jon was unaware of the events that would soon transpire. Even the most well-trained climber was at the mercy of the great mountain. The temperature change had a big effect on everyone. The temperature was well below freezing during the night and the wind chill dropped to one hundred degrees below zero. When the sun came up, the temperature would change dramatically. The ultraviolet rays were much stronger on the mou...

Social Class and Redneck Neighbor

Marketing 542 January 23, 2010 Clash of the Classes: Middle vs. High Proles What was once categorized by the rich and the poor, it is undoubted that society today cannot be so easily defined. In the words of Jennifer Steinhauer, â€Å"One thing modernity brought with it was all kinds of identities, the ability for people to choose who you want to be, how you want to decorate yourself, what kind of lifestyle you want. † With this vast amount of â€Å"identities† comes the need for a more structured class designation as well as a process for de-blurring the lines between them. While Paul Fussell has recognized nine classes in this country, the focus of this analysis will rely on two of them: Middle and High Proletarian, or High Proles. The researched differences between these groups will be examined and then related to the real-world example of Redneck Neighbor. Marketing practices and how they can be applied to this situation will also be referenced. As noted, Fussel recognizes nine classes and has them separated into three segments: high brow, middle brow, and low brow. At the top of the high brow segment lays Middle class and then High Proles just below it. While the two classes may be adjacent to one another, the fact that Middle is just one class away from the high brows says enough for them to have a completely different set of distinguishable attributes. It is this â€Å"so close, but not close enough† mentality of the Middle class that explains their desires and state of mind. According to Fussel, the Middle class is the most insecure class and practically obsessed with doing the right thing. Not only do they try to keep up with the high brows in what they consume, but also by how they consume it. Thorstein Veblen says it best with â€Å"Closely related to the requirement that the gentleman must consume freely and of the right kind of goods, there is the requirement that he must know how to consume them in a seemly manner. † The Middle class is constantly worried about their own style and associate themselves (sometimes imaginably so) with money, power and taste. Conversely, High Proles are â€Å"†¦not consumed with worry about choosing the correct status emblems, these people can be remarkably relaxed and unself-conscious. They can do, say, wear, and look like pretty much anything they want without undue feelings of shame, which belong to their betters, the middle class†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Fussell, pg. 46). It appears as though the Middle class works very hard to hide the fact that they aren’t in the high brow segment while High Proles are proud to be who they are and don’t care what others think. The middle class is petrified of falling down in ranking and the High Proles aren’t really striving to get ahead. It is this clear contrast between the classes that makes the Redneck Neighbor story so relevant and support the findings of various researchers. Based on the above information, it is clear that the author of the website is a member of the Middle class while the neighbor, or John Doe #8 (JD8), is a High Prole. Coinciding with their obsession to look the part and not â€Å"fall down† in class, it makes sense that the author is terrified of being associated with his lower classed neighbor. He makes complaints to the police on numerous occasions, tells his friends every single detail of his neighbor’s existence to the point where he feels the need to start his own website documenting it for the whole world to see. This is his attempt to save face and let everyone know that he disagrees with the â€Å"manner of consumption† by his neighbor. This supports Veblen’s quote â€Å"Since the consumption of these more excellent goods is an evidence of wealth, it becomes honorific; and conversely, the failure to consume in due quantity and quality becomes a mark of inferiority and demerit. † While talking to the builder, the author quotes â€Å"†¦ the builder starts referring to the neighbor in a less-than-amicable fashion – someone else on my side! Perhaps he feels a bit guilty for his privacy invading actions but is able to justify himself by hearing someone with the same demeanor. One of the biggest mistakes the author makes is associating JD8’s social class with money and the car he drives. As Fussel points out, â€Å"It’s not riches alone that defines these classes† (pg. 27). And we know from Steinhauer’s example of entry level luxury ca rs that in these days, the kind of car you drive cannot be directly related to your worth or class. Additionally, Veblen’s idea of consumption in the city versus country comes into play. Since the residents are in the suburbs (or country), it is pretty much known throughout the town the value of each home/family. This fear is expressed by the author when he says, â€Å"I can see the property value falling faster than his mailbox post. † Even with all of the accused faux pas, it does not appear that JD8 is intentionally trying to provoke others. Contrary to the previous statement of High Proles not trying to get ahead, it does appear that the neighbor is making an attempt to update his property with the common items found in the neighborhood: mailbox post, fish pond, herb garden and flagpole. But going back to the research findings of Fussell and Veblen, it is not the fact that he is trying to install these items but that he is doing them in the â€Å"wrong† way. And coinciding with the attributes of a High Prole, JD8 is not ashamed and obviously doesn’t care what others think. An interesting aspect of the Redneck Neighbor case was the small hints that the author was a bit of a redneck himself. Calling the basketball hoop a â€Å"basketball goal†, telling the police officer â€Å"the next time we have a problem some damn body is going to jail†, and feeling the need to clarify what livestock is, gave the impression he was not as high class as he hoped to portray himself. What does all of this mean for marketers? It means that it is getting harder to categorize customer segments in which to market. As you can see from Redneck Neighbor, today’s consumers have unpredictable buying patterns. JD8 spends money on a luxury brand car, but not on household items. This somewhat new phenomenon is not unique to JD8. Many people splurge on higher end items like Godiva, BMW, and Whole Foods yet still go to Costco for their day-to-day needs. According to Steinhauer, â€Å"Where once they pitched advertisements primarily to a core group of customers, now they are increasingly fine-tuning their efforts, trying to identify potential customers by interests and tastes as well as income level. † Author Douglas Holt believes that the best way to capture consumers is to create stories that affect how they think about themselves in the world. This technique could be very beneficial for Middle class customers since marketers could play up on the idea of high brow society. With High Proles, marketers could take advantage of their independent mindset and pride in their advertising campaigns. Hardly anyone can argue that the classification of consumers has become more difficult over the years and the population as a whole is harder to reach. Marketers constantly need to think of new ways to get their message across and have it register within consumer minds. It is unclear what the future holds for marketers, but it is an exciting challenge to move away from the old teachings and tailor them to the constantly clashing classes of our time. Word Count: 1,277

Can You Name the First 10 Alkanes

Alkanes are the simplest hydrocarbon chains. These are organic molecules that consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms in a tree-shaped structure (acyclic or not a ring). These are commonly known as paraffins and waxes. Here is a list of the first 10 alkanes. methane CH4 ethane C2H6 propane C3H8 butane C4H10 pentane C5H12 hexane C6H14 heptane C7H16 octane C8H18 nonane C9H20 decane C10H22 Table of the First 10 Alkanes How Alkane Names Work Each alkane name is built from a prefix (first part) and a suffix (ending). The -ane suffix identifies the molecule as an alkane, while the prefix identifies carbon skeleton. The carbon skeleton is how many carbons are linked to each other. Each carbon atom participates in 4 chemical bonds. Every hydrogen is joined to a carbon. The first four names come from the names methanol, ether, propionic acid, and butyric acid. Alkanes that have 5 or more carbons are named using prefixes that indicate ​the  number of carbons. So, pent- means 5, hex- means 6, hept- means 7, and so on. Branched Alkanes The simple branched alkanes have prefixes on their names to distinguish them from the linear alkanes. For example, isopentane, neopentane, and n-pentane are names of branched forms of the alkane pentane. The naming rules are somewhat complicated: Find the longest chain of carbon atoms. Name this root chain using the alkane rules.Name each side chain according to its number of carbons, but change the suffix of its name from -ane to -yl.Number the root chain so that the side chains have the lowest possible numbers.Give the number and name of the side chains before naming the root chain.If multiples of the same side chain are present, prefixes such as di- (two) and tri- (for three) indicate how many of the chains are present. The location of each chain is given using a number.The names of multiple side chains (not counting di-, tri-, etc. prefixes) are given in alphabetical order before the name of the root chain. Properties and Uses of Alkanes Alkanes that have more than three carbon atoms form structural isomers. Lower molecular weight alkanes tend to be gases and liquids, while larger alkanes are solid at room temperature. Alkanes tend to make good fuels. They are not very reactive molecules and do not have biological activity. They do not conduct electricity and not appreciably polarized in electric fields. Alkanes dont form hydrogen bonds, so they arent soluble in water or other polar solvents. When added to water, they tend to decrease the entropy of the mixture or increase its level or order. Natural sources of alkanes include natural gas and petroleum. Sources Arora, A. (2006). Hydrocarbons (Alkanes, Alkenes And Alkynes). Discovery Publishing House Pvt. Limited. ISBN 9788183561426.IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book) (1997). Alkanes. doi:10.1351/goldbook.A00222

Poverty Is Not A New Issue - 892 Words

Poverty today still exists and is a major social issue; there will always be people who are homeless and hungry but now more than ever there are options for help. To the American population what is the meaning of poverty and how and who does it affect? Poverty is the lack of food, shelter and education; it affects all skin colors, religions and genders. Poverty creates a strain on life and makes it difficult for people to live a somewhat easy life. To begin, poverty is not a new issue it has been around for quite some time: â€Å"The causes of poverty are quite overwhelming from colonialism to industrialization, from political institutions to geography, corruption and so on.† Some countries are where they are today because the start of these evolving civilizations. Many countries started prevailing history with great inequalities. Countries like America inherited discrimination and led Whites to inherit money and slaves. This is a problem that took many decades to correct and still continues to battle with equality daily. Agriculture is the root of developing nations, while growing modernity if rural wages go up, that leads to urbanization wages to increase as well. The reason for this is if the food prices go up the people in the city need enough to afford the higher priced food, and so on. Poverty at this time was based on when and where food and shelter would come from and when would it be available. Poverty is defined as general scarcity, dearth, or the state of one whoShow MoreRelatedThe United States Poverty Epidemic884 Words   |  4 Pagesto the rest of the world the United States is economically prosperous however, many citizens are plagued with poverty and destitution. Poverty has become such a problem that one in six Americans are living below the poverty line (Yen). Despite the significant number of Americans living in poverty, most Americans are unaware of its vast scope and scale. The public’s apathy towards poverty has caused it to become an invisible epidemic. The middle -class’s flight from the cities has created de factoRead MorePoverty Is A Problem Of Poverty1462 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Poverty is hunger. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom† (World Bank, 2009). People all over the world, from different backgrounds, races, ages, and genders experience the horrible conditions of poverty. Living day by day on little to nothing, food insecurity, and having almost no one to be their voice to strike change is just the minimum of what the impoverished experience. This issue continues to growRead MoreStructural Inequality Of The New Zealand1349 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The presence of child poverty in New Zealand has been a long standing issue since before the 1990’s and continues to be prevalent in today’s New Zealand. 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The Market958 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many reasons why individuals live in poverty. Such as drug addiction, lack of education, Unaffordable housing, criminal record, and alcohol addiction. These issues cripple our country continuously. â€Å"Poverty is not anyone persons decision. Parents do not wake up one day and just decide not to feed their family or pay bills. Poverty is a state when individual’s essential needs are not satisfied, Such as healthcare, education, food, and housing which are the main components to survive everyday

However, these societies are not confined to families,...

However, these societies are not confined to families, neighborhoods, churches, and cities any more; the internet brings all societies together into a bigger society and it is hard keep people from meddling within their societies. Morality is different for each person such as the case for abortion, some view it as moral and others don’t. It is hard for everyone to find a common foundation to stand on when it comes to the internet, because of all the different standards set by all these different societies online (Noggle). Everyone has the right to say, post, or advertise what they want online according to the First Amendment. In the Ginsberg v. New York case in 1968, the Supreme Court ruled that it is unconstitutional for a child to†¦show more content†¦Both have drastically changed the world, but both have consequences that require moral deliberation. The internet may provide a way to keep in communication with friends and family, but it also provides the possibility for guile and irresponsibility. Technology has broaden our horizons, but at the same time requires a lot of obligation to garuntee that should be gracious and distinguished towards others (Rifenbary, 2011). However, as with most technology, deceit and irresponsible behavior plagues the internet. Pornography leaves damaging effects on those who view it. Porn makes males behave immaturely around people, reprograms the brain of men, makes sex a selfish desire, tarnishes the sexual experience, encourages people to forget reality, and destroys the original purpose for sex between a husband and wife (Stockman). These effects have major consequences, especially when it comes to their relationship to their spouses. Married men feel less emotionally attached to their wives and they don’t want to uphold the moral values that they have established for their families. The internet has developed a new morality that has integrated pornography. People have separated themselves from Godâ⠂¬â„¢s accountability and now reset the standards to a place that the human race can easily achieve. The moral standards that are set in place in the bible are now ignored for personal gain (Starke, 2011). Conclusion As the internet continues to advance, it is mandatory to be mindful ofShow MoreRelatedCentral Challenges Of Community Development Theory And Practice2610 Words   |  11 Pagescommunity power remains one of the central challenges of community development theory and practice. Researchers have long sought to understand and measure the distribution of power in organizations, local communities, nations and around the world. â€Å"†Societies are differentiated by nominal distinctions such as ethnicity or occupation, but are also differentiated by status gradations such as income or levels of education† (McVeigh, 1995). Many communities have been developed because of social of racialRead MoreCentral Challenges Of Community Development Theory And Practice2702 Words   |  11 Pagescommunity power remains one of the central challenges of community development theory and practice. Researchers have long sought to understand and measure the distribution of power in organization s, local communities, nations and around the world. â€Å"†Societies are differentiated by nominal distinctions such as ethnicity or occupation, but are also differentiated by status gradations such as income or levels of education† (McVeigh, 1995). Many communities have been developed because of social of racialRead MoreDepartment Of Social Work : A State, Polity, Economy And Governance2448 Words   |  10 Pagesof political association, and political association is itself only one form of human association.. Human beings relate to one another, however, not only in associations but also in other collective arrangements, such as families, neighborhoods, cities, religions, cultures, societies, and nations. Other associations range from clubs to business enterprises to churches The state is not the only form of political association. Other examples of political associations include townships, counties, provincesRead MoreDoctor Zhivago’s Uniquely Realistic Qualit ies 1979 Words   |  8 Pageschildhood, he lives in Moscow before he and his family escape the civil disarray by moving to Germany (par. 2). Later moving back to Moscow, Pasternak witness’s devastation, civil war, and Soviet repression that will plague the rest of his life (Mitzi par. 2 – 5). This brings his family to the decision to move back to Germany; however, not long after Germany and Russia’s peace treaty is broken, forcing a move once again (Mitzi par. 6). This time, his family moves to Chistopol where his first wife commitsRead MoreInfluence of Immigration on the American Culture and Language14362 Words   |  58 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Appendix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. INTRODUCTION The United States is a society of immigrants. Ever since its formation in 1776, and even before that, the United States has attracted immigrants from around the world. Since its early days, the country has admitted more than 50 million newcomers, a larger number of immigrants than any country in history. For over two centuries, people have flocked under this nations protective wings as opportunists, sojournersRead MoreSda Manual Essay101191 Words   |  405 Pagespermission. Texts credited to NIV are from the Holy Bible, New International Version. Copyright  © 1973, 1978, 1984, International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Bible Publishers. Bible texts credited to RSV are from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright  © 1946, 1952, 1971, by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. Used by permission. Texts credited to RV are from The Holy Bible, Revised Version, Oxford University PressRe ad MorePoverty and Social Work Essay example8858 Words   |  36 Pagespoor laws in the original 13 American colonies and the subsequent states. Chapter 2: Colonial America Due to an abundance of resources and a sparse population, destitution was not nearly as prevalent in colonial America as it was in England. However, the Parliamentary policy of sending beggars, convicts, vagrants, etc did not help the situation of new immigrants. Eventually colonies had to deal with the poor and infirm- this was especially true by the mid-17th century when increases in the populationRead MoreLinkages Of Peri Urban Community9971 Words   |  40 Pagesare identified by their proximity to the city and as such PUAs are also known as the urban fringe, hinterlands and transition areas. Such proximity is caused by the physical expansion of a city’s physical boundary into adjoining regions. Physical expansions in such manner could stem from urban growth, economic growth and relocation of industries.(Lacquinta and Drescher 2000) Peri-urbanisation may become the dominant 21st century challenge for regional and city planning and design. The peri-urban isRead MoreMarrige and Divorce11102 Words   |  45 Pagesto conduct any research study in future for their organizational purpose or own business purpose. The topic of our study is â€Å"Marriage and Divorce†. In this term paper we have gone through different articles, journals and research papers. 1.2 Objectives of the Study The principle objective of the study is to know the effect of divorce in the children. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: 1. To assess of marriage in our society. 2. Effect of marriage in the society. 3. To investigateRead MoreSSD2 Module 4 Notes Essay28478 Words   |  114 Pagescourse of a conversation. Social stratification Social stratification is the native division of a societys people into different status levels. Relative poverty Relative poverty is the difference of perceived wealth vis-à  -vis others in the same society. Impression management Impression management is the active process of influencing how one is perceived by others. As a refresher, lets review the key concepts about culture. Culture is the primary determinant of human behavior. Culture determines

Cultural Diversity in Clinical Teaching

Question: Discuss about the case study for Cultural Diversity in Clinical Teaching. Answer: Cultural diversity in cultural teaching In the present context, as the geographical boundaries are getting irrelevant due to globalization and migration of people from one place to another, societies as well as various organizations are becoming culturally diverse. Therefore, it is important to understand unique requirements of people with different cultural and social backgrounds. In the similar context, nursing institutions are faced with the same challenges of devising strategies to impart the nursing knowledge through teaching. Teaching people with diverse cultural background in clinical context is a challenging task, as students are required to get practical experience and work in close association with other people to understand the concepts of nursing and healthcare practices (Shin et al., 2016). Students with culturally diverse backgrounds are taught in such a manner that allows them to understand the concepts of nursing in a simplistic fashion. In this regard, students are assigned in different groups to allow them discuss the minute details of concepts taught in the classroom settings. There are no fixed strategies that can be applied to students with culturally diverse backgrounds. Teachers often find it difficult while dealing with culturally diverse students as clinical students are mature individuals and may feel uncomfortable if they are presented with teaching situations that differentiates them from other students (O'Connor, 2014). The biggest challenge in applying different teaching strategies for teaching culturally diverse students is the fear of alienation from other students and unnecessary effort on the part of student to blend with other students. In this situation, the best strategy that teachers can adopt is to implement collaborative approach to clinical teaching. As per the various researches in teaching students in clinical context, the best approach is to allow students to learn through shared and self-directed learning. The role of teachers under this approach is to facilitate discussion rather than transmitting knowledge or well established facts. Teachers are required to encourage students to take part in active discussions and question the gained knowledge as per their understanding (Sue Sue, 2012). Students with diverse cultural background perform better if the teachers provide them with opportunities to conform (a sense of belongingness) to other students and develop healthy relationship. The collaborative approach to clinical teaching must include following four components 1. Establishing healthy relationship with students, 2. Diagnosing student ability to learn and problems faced in the learning process, 3. Using teaching strategies that allows students to engage with other students, and 4. Developing teaching scripts and personal philosophy (O'Connor, 2014). Students with culturally diverse backgrounds perform better if they are presented with an environment of mutual respect and understanding. Further, teachers are required to impart the knowledge of cultural competency to other students for better communication and imparting desired teaching to the students. The creation of positive learning environment goes long way in establishing mutual respect and learning experience. It allows students to shed initial inhibitions and encourages them to ask higher order and meaningful questions. On the other hand, teachers are required to provide students with meaningful and constructive feedbacks to help students to retrospect and engage in self-development. Therefore, it can be said that the best method that allows students with diverse cultural backgrounds in their clinical learning experience is respectful teacher-student relationships that also improves quality of clinical learning experiences (Jeffreys, 2015). References Jeffreys, M. R. (2015).Teaching cultural competence in nursing and health care: Inquiry, action, and innovation. Springer Publishing Company. O'Connor, A. B. (2014).Clinical Instruction Evaluation: A Teaching Resource. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Shin, C. N., Fine, J., Chen, A. C. C. (2016). Culturally Competent Nurse Educators in Clinical Teaching.Nursing Education Perspectives,37(4), 224-226. Sue, D. W., Sue, D. (2012).Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice. John Wiley Sons.

Organizational Culture Essay Example

Organizational Culture Essay Behavior in Globalized Context 1. What is the relationship between an institutional system and an organizational culture? The process when an â€Å"organization takes on a life of its own, apart from its founders or members, and acquires immortality† is called institutionalization by Robbins and Judge. That means that the organization in itself does not change even if the founder dies or important managers leave the company, it will remain basically the same in the future as it has been in the past. Furthermore, these institutions influence the behavior and make some actions more understood than they perhaps should be. For example a very authoritarian management behavior that obstructs innovations and harms the external view on the company, but is tolerated by the entrepreneur as he acts in the same way. Even though a company may have achieved its original goals, it will continue its business with new goals if it is institutionalized. Organizational culture can be defined as â€Å"a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations†. This shows that every organization is different because of its values that origin from the organization’s founders and from the employees who are specifically selected in consideration of these values. Robbins and Judge identify seven primary characteristics to describe a culture: innovation and risk taking, attention to detail, outcome orientation, people orientation, team orientation, aggressiveness and stability. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is vital for a company to have a matching culture to the means of an organization: for instance should a high-technology firm not be afraid of risk-taking and ought to give high attention to detail and team orientation; a retailer in a very competitive market should rather be outcome oriented and does not necessarily have to be very innovative. All of these seven attitudes could also be used for human beings which points up that an organization with its own culture develops its own personality. Organizational culture can also be seen as a descriptive term how employees perceive a firm’s culture. Robbins and Judge call institutionalization the forerunner of organizational culture as it already exists for a significant longer time. In the past a firm was considered more as â€Å"rational -1- means† that was strictly organized, controlled and influenced people. It was not supposed to have an own personality, values and culture. When the concept of institutionalization was introduced, it was the first time to acknowledge that corporations are more than just a rational system, that people are a very important part of every organization and that these employees shape an organization as well as they are influenced by it. In the concept of organizational culture, the focus on the members of each organization is even stronger as business would not work without the employees. Therefore an institutional system and an organization’s culture can be seen as related to each other, but they are still two very different ways to direct employees. Both concepts show the importance of people in an organization and consider an organization as a person in itself. An organization has its own values and acts according to them. They continue to â€Å"live† even if the members of the organization change continuously. However, institutionalization regards rules and structures as necessary and even as substitutes for managerial discretion. It is more about controlling people to act in the desired manner and influence their behavior with direct orders or regulations. Organizational culture can be considered as a broader view: it contains all aspects that concern an organization’s members. Their minds and values also influence the rules and regulations and thus the institutional system of these companies. Thus, a strong culture can be considered superior to an institutional system within a company as the culture influences the employees who shape the rules of a firm and is extremely difficult to change. 2. How does organizational culture help management? Organizational culture has a lot of functions and effects on a firm and its members: it helps to distinguish between different organizations; it creates a common identity for employees; culture can generate a high commitment of an organization’s members; it secures the social system within a firm; and it can be a control and directing system for employees. For the management this means that organizational culture is a very important part of the hiring process and facilitates the selection of people if they have equal skills. An applicant should not only have the soft and hard skills (i. e. communication skills, networking competency, computer skills, business or technical knowledge etc. ), but ought to fit also into a company’s culture, thus he or she should have similar beliefs and values to those of the organization. Moreover, a strong culture helps the management to motivate the employees for common goals and to build a strong esprit de corps which is a fundamental part of success in several departments (e. g. in the sales department as some studies show1). It also ensures that employees act in a consistent manner with the core values. The latter is particularly a very important point when employees represent their firm while talking to customers or at business conferences. As already mentioned above, organizational culture can show how employees perceive an organization’s culture. But you have to distinguish how strong and dominant a culture is: normally there is one dominant culture within a company – this term describes core values shared by the organization’s members – but several subcultures that share the same core values but have differing departmental values. This implies that even the change from one department to another within a firm can include a change in some important values for the employee and should be wisely considered therefore. The strength of a culture describes how intensely an organization’s core values are shared and how they are shared within the firm. Hence, in a strong culture the management doesn’t have to pay so much attention to formal rules and regulations to influence employees because the culture already creates an internal climate of behavioral control and employees acknowledge these rules already as part of the organizational culture. Therefore it is easier for the management to focus on its main tasks and not only on controlling people if there is a strong and commonly shared and accepted culture. Furthermore, an elaborate and widely shared organizational culture influences the organizational climate positively. This in turn is motivating for employees to act in a company’s best interest: if performance is promoted, employees try to perform as well as possible; if innovation is the main target, the staff will try to enhance current products, develop new products and are willing to take more risk for that than in a climate that supports stability. It is therefore vital for the management to pursue a climate that is consistent with the company’s goals in order to achieve a maximum performance by the employees. However, a strong organizational culture is not always beneficial and can be a serious managerial challenge. In the last couple of years the need for change management was widely recognized in academic and in practical fields2. A strong culture can be one main reason for 1 E. g. Jones, Eli, Dixon, Andrea L. , Chonko, Lawrence B. and Joseph P. Cannon, Key Accounts and Team Selling: A Review, Framework, and Research Agenda, 2005, Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management, vol. XXV, no. 2, pp. 181-198. 2 E. g. Kotter, John P. Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail, Harvard Business Review, January 2007. this need as it often hinders innovation as the company – often influenced especially by the founder – wants to continue its business as it did before even though the environment has changed and there is an urgent need for change. Moreover, managers need to pay attention that organizational culture doesn’t lead to uniform employees – especially in big globalized corporations, diversity in age, gender, ethnical and demographical background is required to be successful all around the world. In the case of mergers and acquisitions, management needs to be aware that the fit of organizational culture is nowadays the main challenge for success as the merger of two different cultures often fails. 3. How do you build up an organizational culture? The foundation of an organization’s culture is always laid by the entrepreneur right in the beginning of an organization. It’s the founder’s visions and beliefs that determine the goals, the values and the behavior. And these visions can also be seen as the basic for the recruiting process in the first stages of an enterprise as only people are hired that match the founder’s ideas. These new employees are in turn influenced by the founder to â€Å"internalize their beliefs, values and assumptions†. This is how a culture is established in the first place. But the entrepreneurs and their first employees can only be seen as a first generation and it needs much more to maintain an organizational culture. The next step is the selection of new employees (they could be called second generation and so on). They must meet the company’s requirement for skills and have consistent values with the company, too. Often the latter is a main point for hiring someone or not because it is essential for a firm living on and to have employees that can perform very well. As companies get bigger – but also in smaller firms – it becomes more important that the statements and actions of every top executive is consistent with the organizational values as this group of people is considered as role models for all employees. Especially the coherent mix of recruiting new employees and the management acting in the sense of the organization’s culture is vital for the culture to be sustainable. Still, there is more than the founder and the recruitment process that is necessary to build up an organizational culture. The process of socialization, that describes how new members adapt to the existing organizational culture, is influenced by the selection process and the top management’s behavior. It can be divided into three main stages according to Robbins and Judge. Before a new employee starts to work in the company, he or she already imagines what it will be like to work there and how the organizational culture will look like. This stage can be called â€Å"prearrival†. Most of the expectations come from the organization’s actions in the past, from news about the company and from own or friends’ experience. This stage shows again the importance of the recruitment process as it can be looked at as a last opportunity to inform applicants about the culture and to see if they really fit in it. The next stage â€Å"encounter† describes the start of work for new employees. There will be a very important comparison of what the new employee expected in the prearrival stage and what reality in the organization really looks like. If these two perspectives differ too far from each other, the selection process didn’t succeed and it is vital that colleagues and team-members help the new member to acclimatize with the culture if this person is ought to stay in the company. The third and final stage of socialization – â€Å"metamorphosis† – describes the process how new employees change their behavior due to an organizational culture. If these changes are rather small or pretty radical depends on the culture’s design: all new employees will develop in the same direction and act in a predictable way if a newcomer is strongly differentiated from the other employees, the socialization process takes place in groups, the training phase and the career steps are fixed, the new employees get a mentor assigned and the organization tries to form a newcomer’s characteristics. This is mostly in organizations that have strict rules, processes and hierarchies the case. Even though it does not promote innovative practices, it raises employees’ commitment for the company. Therefore, every firm has to decide which shape its culture should assume dependent on the desired outcome. If the socialization process was successful, the newcomers have adapted to the formal and especially to the informal rules of the organization, they know their evaluation criteria and feel integrated within their team and the company. Consequently, the newcomer’s productivity and commitment increases and the turnover rate decreases. Once the culture is implemented into employees, it doesn’t mean that the management doesn’t need to keep culture alive. There are several ways to motivate and influence the workers to behave in the company’s manner. First, stories build up connections between normal employees and the company’s founders, its success or its operations in the past. Stories make it easier for people to associate themselves with the firm and help the management to justify their actions. Second, rituals emphasize a corporation’s key values, goals and employees. A ritual can be for example a song or a dance in order to motivate the employees for work. Third, an organization represents itself also by material symbols. That means that if a company attaches high importance to hierarchy and authority, the management will have big cars, big offices and a lot of privileges. If team work is in the focus, there will be more open spaces and rooms for group work. Finally, a company-own language is also a possibility to let employees identify themselves with the company. There are many terms used only in a firm-specific context and employees feel as a real part of the company when they know them all. All mentioned points emphasize how important it is for the management to build up an organizational culture that is consistent with the company’s goals and to recruit employees who really fit into that culture. There are several ways to design the culture and thereby direct the employees, but this should always happen in terms of the desired outcome and not arbitrarily. Organizational Culture Essay Example Organizational Culture Essay Organizational Culture Essay Organizational culture is a complex concept including many different meanings. In this essay, the definition of organizational culture is described as a set of shared values and norms that controls organization members interaction with each other, and with suppliers,customers and others outside the organization, given by Gareth Jones. According to Morgans theory, metaphor is a method to explain a phenomenon or create meaning by using one element of experience to understand another. Organizational culture Using this method to analyze culture can be divided into three levels according to Scheins model of organizational culture, which are artefacts, espoused values and basic underlying assumptions and values so that it is more than material and visible. Using culture metaphor could create a way to even the most rational part of organization. Organizational culture plays a key role in the design of organizational structure. According to Cartwright and Coopers four main types of organizational culture i. e. ower culture, role culture, task culture and person culture, in these different types, the structure tends to be influenced by organizational cultures and be changed as the development of organizational culture. To be more specific, in power culture, the organization is likely leaded by one person or a small group. Through managers making informal decisions, the rays of influence start from the central figures to the other employees. In the effect of working of t his type organizational culture, the structure is often small and simple not concerning much about formal structure and working processes. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When the external changes occur, the organization can reflect fast and efficiently with small and centralized power. In contrast, if the size of the organization is larger and the structure is more complex, most employees are provided with limited freedom and of long distance from central power. As a result, power culture may fail to adjust under the organization changes and falls apart. In terms of role culture, the figures are as following: firstly, managers specialize jobs of high level and operate the organization with complete system of formalized behaviour and principle. Secondly, the hierarchy of the organization is clear and vertical communication is taken into account. Moreover, role and job description are more significant than individuals. With this type of organizational culture, the designer may choose functional and decentralized structure, for example, bureaucracy to meet the organization values. The third type of organizational culture is task culture. The core values in the culture is democratic thought and sense of efficiency. It concentrates on group participation and team work. The individual potentiality and enthusiasm are fully released. In task culture, professional knowledge and creativity ingenuity is highly respected whist power or ranking of position is less effective. With the effect of task culture, the organizational structure is often matrix structures or adhocracy. Especially, this type of organizational culture is likely to exist in the organization with the goal of development and experiment. As a result, the organization may reflect quickly facing organization change. The last type of organizational culture is person culture. With the culture, the central focus is individual and the organization itself and its structure serve the person. The purpose is to release ones potential so that the development of individual is primary instead of the group. With the influence of task culture, the organization structure is likely decentralized and informal such as in law office. These four types of organizational culture affect organization structure respectively. In addition, organization structure development and adjustment may enhance dominant culture, create sub-culture and even restrain previous culture partly. The changes of organization culture contribute to the adjustment of organization structure in turn. National differences are apparent and national culture is important to organizational culture. In this essay, the effects of national culture on organizational culture are analyzed by the five dimensions theory of Geert Hofstede, which includes power distance, uncertainty avoidance index, individualism versus collectivism, masculine versus feminality and long vs short term orientation. Power distance means the extent to which members of a nation are prepared to accept unequal distribution of power, wealth and prestige. the higher the distance is, the less equality the culture seem to be. For instance, America is a country with lower power distance, employees from America tend to not accept management privilege concept. As a result, organizational culture is more equal between employee and manager and employees are more likely to study and realize personal value. In terms of uncertainty avoidance index, it is ways in which society has developed methods to deal with uncertainty. In the high uncertainty avoidance society, employees are under sense of tense so that they desire to work hard and gain more. For example, Japan is of high uncertainty avoidance index country, total quality management success in Japanese organizations for high level of participation. The third dimension is individualism versus collectivism. It involves the degree to which individuals in a culture are expected to act independently of other members of the society. In an organization, employees with collectivism are more likely to ask for care of other members meanwhile repay organization with loyalty. Japan and China are two typical collectivism societies. In the dimension of masculinity, which refers to clear separation of gender roles, men in highly masculine cultures are expected to be more assertive and women nurturing. America is high masculinity society. Important decisions tend to be made by high position managers. Employees change jobs more frequently so that they have less sense of organization identity. The latest dimension is long term versus short term orientation It is a concept of East versus West. Employees in China have more sense of shame and persistence and the organization relationship is more ordered than Eastern culture. According to Gareth Morgans theory, power exists in various ways. To be more specific, organization can be considered as political systems. In different culture, power shows in different situations. For instance, leader in the organization has the position power, which is not the nature of personal relationship. It is defined as formal authority. Secondly, organization gain power and control using complete rules and regulations to standardize employees behaviour. Moreover, scarce resources, including promote,increased responsibilities, allocation of work, granting privilege, is another source of power. In addition, control of boundaries, control of technology, control of decision process, control of knowledge and information are all different ways of power exits in the organization. In conclusion, one of the major strengths of the culture metaphor rests in the fact that it directs attention to the symbolic significance of even the most rational pats of organizational life. According to four types of organizational culture, they affect organization structure in many ways. The structure should fit the organizational culture and improve development each other. With the examples of Japan, America and China, the effects of national culture on organizational culture are described into five dimensions. At last, according to the Morgan metaphor, power exists in different organizational culture in different ways. Bibliography L. Mullins, Management and Organizational Behavior, 9th ed. Prentice Hall G. Morgan (1986), Images of Organization, Sage Publications, Inc.